51 Tips to Set Yourself up for Success at Work

Where do you start? The action actually begins prior to starting your job. But, even if you’ve been working at a company for years and want to keep moving forward following are some suggested steps. These tips can apply to anyone at any stage of their career.

1. Research the company before your first day.
2. Familiarize yourself with the company culture.
3. Review the job description and requirements.
4. Understand your role and responsibilities.
5. Set clear goals and objectives.
6. Create a plan for achieving your goals.
7. Develop a positive attitude.
8. Build relationships with your colleagues.
9. Be open to feedback and constructive criticism.
10. Learn from your mistakes.
11. Build a strong work ethic.
12. Develop good time management skills.
13. Prioritize your tasks.
14. Set realistic expectations for yourself.
15. Stay organized.
16. Keep a positive outlook.
17. Take initiative.
18. Be proactive.
19. Anticipate problems and find solutions.
20. Communicate clearly and effectively.
21. Listen actively.
22. Build rapport with your boss.
23. Be flexible.
24. Adapt to changes in the workplace.
25. Be reliable and dependable.
26. Take responsibility for your actions.
27. Show respect to your colleagues.
28. Be a team player.
29. Offer assistance to others.
30. Stay focused on your priorities.
31. Keep your work area clean and organized.
32. Dress professionally.
33. Be punctual.
34. Attend meetings and training sessions.
35. Take notes to remember important details.
36. Use company resources effectively.
37. Maintain a positive work-life balance.
38. Seek out opportunities for growth and development.
39. Ask questions when you need clarification.
40. Develop strong problem-solving skills.
41. Build a network of contacts within the company.
42. Attend company events and social gatherings.
43. Stay up-to-date with industry trends and news.
44. Learn new skills and technologies.
45. Be adaptable to different work styles.
46. Be open to constructive criticism.
47. Take breaks when needed.
48. Stay positive in the face of challenges.
49. Celebrate your successes.
50. Continuously strive to improve and grow.
51. Get a mentor who has the qualities you want to adopt. You’ll learn from each other.

How much bandwidth do you need ?

It’s essential to have sufficient bandwidth to have an optimal streaming experience. So, let’s dig into the bandwidth requirements for different resolutions and streaming services.

Understanding Video Bitrate

Video bitrate is an important metric independent of other factors like resolution, frame rate, and audio quality that impact a viewer’s streaming experience. It represents the amount of data per second your video source supplies and is a critical factor in delivering an enjoyable experience.

Streaming Services and Bitrate

It’s interesting to note that compared to a Blu-ray disc, streaming services like Netflix need to use compressed streams with considerably lower bitrates. Despite their best efforts to maintain the quality through various compression techniques, a higher bitrate equals more data and a superior image quality.

Minimum Bandwidth Required

To sustain a smooth, buffer-free stream at varying resolutions, one should consider these average minimum bandwidth requirements. Whether you’re using older equipment or new streaming devices with the latest TV models, Broadcasters generally provide viewers with the best possible streaming experience.

Following is the general resolution for videos and Minimum download speeds required:

480p (SD):  Needs about 3-4 Mbps

720p (HD):  Needs about 5-8 Mbps

1080p (HD):  Needs about 8-10 Mbps

2160p (4K):  Needs about 32 Mbps

4320p (8K): Needs about 120 Mbps

Required Bandwidth

H264 H265

1280×720(HD) 3Mbps 1.5Mbps

1920X1080(FHD) 6Mbps 3Mbps

3840×2160(UHD) 25Mbps 12Mbps

3820x2160p(4K) 32Mbps 15Mbps

7640×4320(8K) See notes below

1080p Streaming required Bandwidth & Internet Speed

1080p streaming videos are at a display resolution of 1920X1080, and it offers full HD video content on the Internet. These videos have more clarity and resolution than an HD video at 720p. Also, 1080p video consumes more amounts of data compared to SD and HD streaming. As stated in the above table and with the H264 codec, the recommended bandwidth is 6 Mbps, and with the H265 codec, it usually requires up to 3 Mbps.

4K and 8K Streaming Bandwidth requirement / Internet Speed

To stream 4K HDR content, one needs a 4K UHD TV with HEVC decoder and HDR support. 

4K videos with a display resolution of 4096p x 2160p offer the most life-like video content on the Internet. These high definition videos have more visual information than ever about the texture, color, shapes than an HD video. Unfortunately, 4k consumes enormous amounts of data compared to SD, HD & FHD streaming. With the H264 codec, the recommended bandwidth is 32 Mbps, and with the H265 codec, it could be up to 15 Mbps. To stream 4K HDR content, one needs a 4K UHD TV with HEVC decoder and HDR support.

Even with an 8K streaming service, most people wouldn’t be able to use it. Platforms like Netflix specifies a 25 Mbps stream for 4K content. This requirement seems to quadruple as there is no H.265 standard alongside 8K to reduce the file size. Netflix consumes 3.1GB/hour at 1080p for 60fps video and even 7GB/hour at 4K. If we assume that the transition from 4K to 8K consumes an equivalent amount of bandwidth to 1080p – 4K transition, the per hour bandwidth requirement to stream 8K content would be nearly 6.44GB – 19.2GB/hour for 23.976fps content. This is still a high bandwidth rate to burn out.

The bitrate for 8K video services that use HEVC is between 85 Mbps for satellite and 65 Mbps for OTT. 

When you implement Content Aware Encoding (CAE) used in combination with HEVC, you can lower the bit rate for 8K distribution by another 50%. CAE leverages the mechanics of the human eye to assess video quality and optimize encoding parameters in real-time.

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Video Production Tips: Pain Points & Solutions – What are your Suggestions?

Video production involves several stages, each with its unique set of challenges. Some common pain points in video production are:

1. Pre-production planning: To avoid delays, budget overruns, and scope creep, video production teams should establish clear goals and objectives, outline the desired outcome, and develop a detailed production plan that aligns with the production budget and scope. Project management software can help manage tasks, set deadlines, and monitor progress, while regular meetings and status reports can keep everyone on the same page.

2. Equipment-related issues: To prevent equipment failures or inadequacies, video production teams should invest in quality equipment, perform regular maintenance and testing, and have backup equipment on hand. Additionally, having a skilled technician on the team or on call can quickly resolve equipment-related issues and reduce downtime.

3. Creative and technical collaboration: Video production teams can improve creative and technical collaboration by establishing clear communication channels and processes, involving everyone in the brainstorming phase, and setting realistic expectations about the project’s technical feasibility. One solution is to use a review and approval platform that collects feedback and changes from all team members and keeps everyone informed about progress.

4. Time constraints: To manage tight video production timelines, video production teams should prioritize tasks, establish clear timelines with deadlines, and allow for some flexibility. Outsourcing some tasks or using pre-made templates and resources can also save time and reduce workload.

5. Post-production challenges: To avoid post-production delays, video production teams should establish a clear post-production plan, including deadlines, resources needed, and project milestones. Collaborating with a post-production specialist or outsourcing some post-production tasks can also help manage the workload and free up resources and time.

6. Delivery and distribution: To ensure a smooth delivery and distribution process, video production teams should carefully consider the delivery platform and format and create multiple versions for different devices and platforms. Using cloud storage platforms can make sharing and delivering large files easier.

7. Budget and finances: To stay within the allocated budget, video production teams should create a detailed budget plan, track expenses, and prioritize expenses according to project needs. Being transparent about the budget and communicating any potential expenses can reduce surprises and avoid overruns.

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Why We Care: PTP Clocks Hierarchy

PTP (Precision Time Protocol) is a protocol used for synchronizing clocks in a network. It is a time synchronization protocol that is designed to provide high-precision time and frequency synchronization for networked devices.

PTP (Precision Time Protocol) is an IEEE 1588 standard protocol that synchronizes real-time clocks of connected nodes in a distributed system using a network. This protocol establishes a leader-follower hierarchy among the nodes (referred to as clocks) where followers synchronize with their leaders, and the leader-follower relationship is determined by a Best Master Clock (BMC) algorithm. Through dynamic relationship determination, the PTP network can simplify the interconnect graph, resolving cycles down to a tree of leaders and followers. The grandmaster, located at the root of the tree, synchronizes with GPS and serves as the ultimate leader for all clocks. Interior nodes in this network are called boundary clocks (BC) and have follower ports and one or more leader ports. PTP can achieve high accuracy, even within sub-microsecond limits on local networks.

PTP works by sending time signals between devices, a best grandmaster, leader, and a follower clocks. The best grandmaster clock sends synchronization messages to leader clocks, and the leader clocks adjust their clock frequency and time to match the best grandmaster clock. The leader clocks send synchronization messages over their network(s), and the follower clocks adjusts their clock frequency and time to match the leader clock. Again, aka boundary clocks. PTP uses precise hardware timestamps to measure the time between devices.

PTP is often used in real-time systems, where accurate timing is essential, such as in audio and video production or industrial automation. It can also be used in some communication networks, such as 5G and industrial Ethernet.

Each of the following company’s products support and /or generate PTP:

1. Leader Electronics Corporation offers the LT8900 and the LT8910A PTP Time Server/Grandmaster Clocks, both of which are designed to provide accurate PTP synchronization for broadcast and post-production applications. The devices generate IEEE 1588-2008 PTP packets with sub-microsecond timing accuracy and support PTP profiles such as the Audio-Video Profile (PTP AV) and the IEEE Power Profile. They also feature two independent 10 Gigabit Ethernet interfaces, allowing for redundant operation and the ability to simultaneously serve as a Network Time Protocol (NTP) server. The LT8910A additionally offers dual electrical inputs, enabling it to function as a redundant PTP Grandmaster clock.

2. Cisco Systems, Inc. offers a range of PTP solutions, including routers, switches, and network interface cards that support IEEE 1588v2. Some of the models that support PTP generation and/or synchronization include the Cisco Catalyst 9300 Series Switches, the Cisco 9200 Series Switches, the Cisco NCS 1002, the Cisco NCS 540 Series Routers, and the Cisco NCS 560 Series Routers. These devices provide high-precision timing capabilities for a range of applications, including 5G mobile networks, industrial automation, and financial trading. They can serve as a PTP Grandmaster clock, Leader clock and/or follower, depending on the application requirements, and have features such as hardware timestamping, clock quality monitoring, and PTP profiles for specific industries.

3. Riedel Communications offers the MediorNet MN-C-OPT-HDMI PTP Media Interface Card, which is designed to provide PTP support and synchronization for its MediorNet media network. The card supports SMPTE ST 2059 PTP profiles and is capable of acting as both a PTP Grandmaster clock and a PTP client. It features multiple input and output ports, including an HDMI port for timecode distribution, and has a high-precision oscillator for sub-microsecond timing synchronization. The card also supports redundancy, multi-casting of PTP messages, and monitoring and configuration via a web-based interface. Additionally, Riedel’s Artist and Bolero communications systems offer PTP synchronization for intercom communication applications.

4. Meinberg Funkuhren offers a variety of PTP Time Servers/Grandmasters that are designed to provide accurate PTP synchronization for a range of applications, including telecom, financial trading, and industrial automation. Some of the models include the LANTIME M900/M600/M4000 PTP Time Servers and the IMS – M400 Industrial PTP Time Server. These Time Servers support IEEE 1588-2008 PTP profiles and various ITU-T G.827x telecom profiles such as G.8275.1 and G.8275.2. They can serve as a PTP Grandmaster clock, Leader, and/or follower clock, depending on the application requirements, and offer features such as hardware timestamping, fault-tolerant design, and redundant power supplies. Meinberg also offers PTP software and network interface cards that support PTP generation and synchronization.

5. Tektronix offers a range of PTP hardware and software products that support PTP generation, including time servers, grandmasters, and clients that generate and measure PTP signals with high accuracy and precision. These devices are specifically designed for PTP and are capable of supporting PTPv1, PTPv2, and PTP-RA.

6. Juniper Networks provides networking equipment that supports PTP generation, including network switches and routers that are capable of handling PTP traffic, as well as software tools for the configuration and management of PTP networks. Juniper’s devices are designed to support PTPv2 and can be used in a variety of PTP network architectures.

7. Ross Video offers PTP generation solutions for the broadcast industry, including PTP time code generators and servers that are designed to synchronize video and audio signals across multiple cameras and equipment. These devices support PTPv2 and PTP-RA and are specifically designed for the broadcast environment.

8. Mellanox Technologies provides network adapters and switches that support PTP generation, allowing for the transmission and synchronization of time-critical data across high-speed networks. Mellanox’s devices support PTPv2 and can be used in a variety of PTP network architectures, including data center and telecommunications applications. Nvidia does not offer a Precision Time Protocol (PTP) implementation as a standalone product. However, Nvidia’s Mellanox networking solutions product line includes NICs (network interface cards) and switches that support PTP as well as other timing protocols such as Network Time Protocol (NTP), Precision Time Protocol (PTP), and IEEE 802.1AS.

These products help enable synchronization throughout data centers and other networked deployments that require tight synchronization between multiple devices, such as high-performance computing, financial trading, media and entertainment industries, and industrial control systems. In addition to PTP support, Nvidia Mellanox’s networking solutions offer low-latency and high-bandwidth capabilities, making them well-suited for demanding applications.

9. Spectracom specializes in precise timing solutions, including PTP servers and PTP-enabled network devices for PTP generation. Spectracom’s devices support PTPv1, PTPv2, and PTP-RA and are designed to provide high levels of accuracy and precision for a variety of industries, including telecommunications, defense, and finance. They also offer software tools for PTP network analysis and management.

10. Selenio Media Communications offers support for various versions of Precision Time Protocol (PTP), including PTPv1, PTPv2, and PTP Profile for Professional Broadcast Applications (PTP-RA). This enables customers to synchronize media processing and transport devices in IP-based broadcasting systems with sub-microsecond accuracy. It offers a single timing source and does not have built-in redundancy.

Note: this is not an exhaustive list of PTP generators or supporters thereof.

In summary, the main differences between PTP offerings are the level of accuracy, redundancy, and interoperability features they offer, allowing customers to select the product that best suits their requirements for timing accuracy, scalability, and reliability.

I’ve been asked if I’m being paid for this post. No, I am not being paid to share this information, nor do I work for any named company within the article.

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Selenio: Video Processing, Delivery &, PTP Solutions, Plus the Competition…

Selenio is a product line of video processing and delivery solutions offered by Imagine Communications, a company that provides end-to-end software-based solutions for media and entertainment industry. The Selenio product line includes both hardware and software components designed to address the complex and evolving needs of broadcasters and content providers in delivering high-quality video across a variety of platforms and devices.

The Selenio product line includes solutions for video encoding, transcoding, compression, decoding, and delivery, as well as tools for managing and monitoring video distribution workflows. Selenio offers flexible deployment options, including on-premises, cloud-based, and hybrid environments. The solutions also support a wide range of industry-standard video formats and protocols, including H.264, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, HEVC, and ATSC 3.0.

In addition to video processing and delivery, the Selenio product line also includes solutions for signal processing, audio processing, and contribution and distribution. These solutions are designed to help broadcasters and content providers manage the entire content delivery chain, from acquisition to distribution, while ensuring the highest levels of quality and flexibility.

The Selenio product line offers different video processing models that provide various capabilities. Some of the specific video processing models offered by Selenio include:

1. Selenio Media Convergence Platform (MCP): This software-based solution provides end-to-end video processing and delivery capabilities for live, linear and on-demand content across different devices and platforms, including IP, RF and satellite networks. Selenio MCP includes modules for encoding, decoding, transcoding, packaging, and delivery, enabling the repurposing of content for multiple formats and screens.

2. Selenio MCP3: This is the latest version of the Selenio MCP and is designed to be fully software-defined, offering a cloud-native architecture that scales quickly and easily. MCP3 provides intelligent orchestration across on-premise and cloud-based resources while providing support for advanced video processing features such as high-bitrate 8K codecs.

3. SelenioFlex File: This solution is designed for file-based workflows and provides functionality for transcoding, packaging, and delivery. Content can be repurposed and transcoded to multiple resolutions and formats, including high-quality 4K and 8K, depending on the needs of the service.

3a. Selenio Flex: This solution offers advanced video processing features such as HDR and WCG processing, audio loudness control, and content replacement, in a single hardware-based appliance. It also provides advanced video compression technology, including HEVC, to optimize bandwidth utilization and enable distribution of high-quality content to an increasing number of devices.

4. Selenio One: This is a compact, 1RU encoding/transcoding platform that provides high-quality, low-latency video streaming for IPTV and other IP-based video delivery applications. Selenio One has a wide range of codecs and resolutions and is ideal for applications where space is limited, such as outside broadcast (OB) trucks or small-scale IPTV operations.

5. Selenio Network Processor (SNP): This is a high-density video and audio processing platform that is designed for the most demanding broadcast and media applications. Selenio SNP provides a flexible and modular architecture that can be configured to support a wide range of codecs, resolutions, and protocols, including IP, ASI, and SDI.

6. Selenio UDP Gateway: This solution is designed to enable the smooth delivery of live video content to viewers over the internet. Selenio UDP Gateway can receive an uncompressed multicast transport stream from an encoder and distribute it to a large number of viewers with low latency and high reliability. It also supports adaptive bit rate (ABR) streaming, which enables the delivery of multiple quality versions of the same video to different devices based on each device’s bandwidth and resolution requirements.

7. Selenio CMM: The Content Management System (CMM) is designed to provide intelligent workflow automation capabilities to the entire content supply chain. CMM provides comprehensive metadata management, asset tracking, and data governance, enabling content providers to efficiently manage and organize their libraries and produce more effective content delivery strategies.

Overall, the delivery solutions offered by Selenio utilize advanced video processing, metadata management, and delivery capabilities to enable content providers to deliver high-quality video content seamlessly across multiple platforms and devices.

How does Selenio support
Precision Time Protocol (PTP), including PTPv1, PTPv2, and PTP Profile for Professional Broadcast Applications (PTP-RA).


Selenio Media Convergence Platform from Imagine Communications supports PTP (Precision Time Protocol) in different ways, including PTPv1, PTPv2, and PTP Profile for Professional Broadcast Applications (PTP-RA).

Selenio can act as a PTP grand leader clock or follower clock, depending on the customer’s requirements. It can synchronize the internal timing of each device in the platform, including video and audio processing units, switchers and routers, and other IP-connected devices, with sub-microsecond accuracy.

The PTP implementation in Selenio is compliant with the relevant IEEE standards and guidelines, ensuring interoperability and compatibility with other PTP devices. It uses hardware-assisted timestamping to achieve the required level of precision, and supports various transport protocols, such as IEEE 802.3av, IEEE 1588-2008, and AES67.

Selenio also supports PTP Profile for Professional Broadcast Applications (PTP-RA), which specifies additional requirements for PTP accuracy, reliability, and scalability in broadcast environments. Selenio’s PTP implementation is designed to meet these requirements and provide synchronization for demanding broadcast workflows.

Lastly, Selenio PTP Gateway can convert between different PTP profiles, including those used in broadcast and IT networks, to enable interoperability between different PTP installations. This allows broadcasters to take advantage of the benefits of the latest PTP technology while maintaining compatibility with existing PTP deployments.

In summary, Selenio supports PTP in different ways, including as a PTP grandmaster or slave clock, with compliance to IEEE standards and PTP-RA, using hardware timestamping, and protocol flexibility for interoperability through its PTP Gateway.

I’ve been asked if I’m being paid for this post. No, no I am not being paid to share this information, nor do I work for Selenio.

Here are some of Selenio’s biggest competitors:

As Selenio has a wide range of products and services, it’s difficult to give a comprehensive comparison for each competitor listed. However, I can provide you with a general idea of what each competitor offers:

– Cisco Systems: a technology company that provides networking, cybersecurity, and collaboration products and services.
– Evertz Microsystems: a technology company that provides video and audio infrastructure software and hardware solutions for broadcasters and media companies.
– Harmonic Inc.: a technology company that provides video delivery infrastructure solutions for cable, satellite, and OTT video providers.
– Zixi: a technology company that provides software-defined video platform solutions for broadcasters and OTT video providers.
– Net Insight: a technology company that provides media transport solutions for broadcasters and media companies.
– Nevion: a technology company that provides video transport solutions for broadcasters and media companies.
– Grass Valley: a technology company that provides broadcast and media equipment and solutions for live production and content delivery.
– Elemental Technologies (an Amazon Web Services company): a technology company that provides software-defined video solutions for broadcasters and OTT video providers.
– Ericsson Inc.: a technology company that provides broadcast and media services and solutions for content owners, broadcasters, and service providers.
– NewTek Inc.: a technology company that provides video production and live streaming solutions for broadcasters and content creators.
– Ross Video: a technology company that provides broadcast and media equipment and solutions for live production and content delivery.
– Appear TV: a technology company that provides broadcast and streaming solutions for operators, broadcasters, and content providers.
– Blackmagic Design: a technology company that provides video production solutions for broadcasters, filmmakers, and content creators.
– ATEME SA: a technology company that provides video encoding and transcoding solutions for broadcasters and content owners.
– Haivision Systems: a technology company that provides video streaming solutions and services for broadcasters and enterprises.
– Telestream LLC: a technology company that provides video transcoding, workflow automation, and quality monitoring solutions for broadcasters and media companies.
– MediaKind: a technology company that provides broadcast and media solutions for content owners, broadcasters, and service providers.
– ChyronHego: a technology company that provides graphics solutions for sports, news, and live events.
– Lawo AG: a technology company that provides audio and video production solutions for broadcasters and media companies.

Please note that the above list is not exhaustive and there may be other competitors within the industry. The competitiveness of each of these companies varies depending on the specific product and service category.

Overall, each of these companies has its own unique strengths and areas of expertise in the media and broadcast industry. It will depend on the specific needs of the customer to determine which solution is the best fit.

Sports Broadcasting 4K Stack

In the context of sports HD broadcasting, a 4K stack usually refers to the technical infrastructure required for live production and delivery of 4K Ultra High Definition (UHD) content. This typically includes specialized cameras, video switchers, routers, servers, storage systems, encoders, and decoders that are specifically designed to handle high-resolution video streams.

Building a 4K stack for sports HD broadcasting requires a combination of hardware and software solutions that are optimized for low-latency, high-bandwidth video processing and delivery. Here are some key considerations to keep in mind:

1. Choose the right equipment: Select cameras, switchers, encoders, and other equipment that are designed to handle 4K UHD content, and ensure that they are compatible with one another and your network infrastructure.

2. Use high-capacity storage: 4K UHD video requires a significant amount of storage capacity, so it’s important to use high-capacity storage systems that can handle the large amounts of data generated by live sports broadcasts.

3. Optimize your network: Make sure that your network infrastructure is capable of handling the bandwidth requirements of 4K UHD video streams, and that it is properly configured to minimize latency and ensure reliable data transmission.

4. Utilize specialized software: Use specialized video processing software that is optimized for 4K UHD video and can handle the unique demands of live sports broadcasts, such as fast-paced action, multiple camera angles, and dynamic lighting conditions.

There are several products available for specialized video processing software that is optimized for 4K UHD sports broadcasts. Some of the popular ones include:

• EVS XT4K – A specialized server system that provides live slow-motion replay, super slow-motion, and on-the-fly editing capabilities for 4K content.

• Grass Valley K-Frame V-series – A live production switcher that supports 4K UHD resolution and provides advanced features such as HDR support, up/down/cross-conversion, and color correction.

• Avid MediaCentral – A comprehensive media management and workflow platform that provides real-time collaboration, content distribution, and automated processing capabilities for 4K UHD video.

• Blackmagic Design ATEM 4 M/E Broadcast Studio 4K – A live production switcher that supports 4K UHD resolution and provides advanced features such as multi-camera switching, chroma keying, and 3D graphics.

• Sony HDC-5500 – A 4K UHD system camera that includes advanced features such as high-speed image capture, remote control capabilities, and image stabilization for capturing fast-paced sports action.

• Ross Video Carbonite Ultra – A live production switcher that supports 4K UHD resolution and provides advanced features such as customizable macros, multi-screen outputs, and virtual set creation.

• Panasonic’s Kairos video processing platform is designed to handle 4K UHD video, including fast-paced sports action. The system can support multiple video inputs, including baseband, IP, and NDI sources, and provides real-time switching and four layers of DVE with key and fill. 

Additionally, Kairos has an optional hardware accelerator that can be added to the system to handle up to 16 4K inputs and 8 4K outputs, providing the necessary processing power to handle the demands of live sports broadcasts.

Its flexible architecture and scalable design, Kairos offers a solution that can handle the unique requirements of live 4K UHD sports video production.

These products are designed to handle the complex requirements of live 4K UHD sports broadcasting and enable production teams to deliver high-quality, engaging coverage of sporting events.

By following these best practices, you can build a 4K stack for sports HD broadcasting that is capable of delivering high-resolution video and allowing viewers to experience the action in stunning detail.

Some Sports Networks / Broadcasters have built their 4K stack for sports broadcasting through a combination of hardware and software solutions. Here are some key components and technologies used by them to deliver 4K sports broadcasts:

1. Cameras:  Broadcasters use specialized 4K UHD cameras that are capable of capturing high-quality sports footage with stunning detail and clarity. These cameras are typically positioned around the arena or stadium to capture multiple angles of the action.

• Sony, Panasonic, Canon, and Red are all popular choices for 4K broadcast cameras.

2. Production equipment:  Broadcasters use specialized video production equipment that is designed to handle the high-resolution video streams generated by 4K UHD cameras. This includes video switchers, graphics systems, and other production equipment that is optimized for 4K UHD workflows.

• Brands like Grass Valley, Ross Video, and Blackmagic Design offer a range of specialized production equipment for 4K broadcasts.

3. Network infrastructure:  Broadcasters havr built a high-bandwidth network infrastructure that is capable of handling the large amounts of data generated by 4K UHD video streams. This includes high-speed fiber optic connections, IP video delivery, and other networking technologies.

• Companies like Arista Networks, Cisco, and Juniper Networks provide network infrastructure solutions that are optimized for high-bandwidth 4K streaming.

4. Storage and encoding:  Sport Broadcasters use specialized storage systems and video encoding software to capture, process, and deliver 4K UHD video streams in real-time. This includes high-capacity storage and encoding systems that can handle the large amounts of data generated by live sports broadcasts.

• Brands like EVS, Harmonic, and Telestream offer specialized storage and encoding systems that are designed to handle the large amounts of data generated by 4K broadcasts.

5. Display technology: Finally, Sports Broadcasters work with technology partners to ensure that their 4K UHD broadcasts can be viewed on a range of consumer devices, including 4K UHD televisions and streaming devices. They use technologies like High Dynamic Range (HDR) to ensure that the image quality and color accuracy of their broadcasts meet the highest standards.

• Brands like Sony, Samsung, LG, and Vizio are all popular brands for 4K UHD televisions, while streaming devices like Roku, Amazon Fire TV, and Apple TV are widely used for delivering 4K content to viewers.

By leveraging these components and technologies, Broadcasters have been able to build a 4K stack that is capable of delivering stellar sports broadcasts with breathtaking detail and clarity.

It’s important to note that these brands and models are only examples and many Sports Broadcasters may use different equipment depending on the specific needs of their broadcasts.

End note:  I am not currently an employee of, and I was not paid by any named company in this article for the information.

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The power of AI’s Coverletter Writing

I asked an AI app to “Write me a 3 paragraph cover letter in less than 300 words for the following job description:

Responsibilities:
· Configure, service, and support all aspects of on-air and post-production broadcast automation systems, specifically network configurations, remote encoders, and control platforms.
· Provide technical (hardware, software, and networking) support for NY-based Post Production facility including Adobe Premiere, Dalet, Microsoft, Linux, and Apple Operating systems, IP networking, and video equipment including EVS.
· Coordinate and execute new project initiatives while protecting air and providing standard day-to-day troubleshooting and maintenance functions on all broadcast network systems.
· Provide system integration in both production and post-production infrastructure, including but not limited to: System build-out and integration, cable fabrication, cable installation, equipment installation, and documentation creation/revision.
· Support, troubleshoot, and maintain the integrity and security of the storage area networks and asset management systems.
· Document system and facility changes to increase visibility and collaboration between operations and engineering partners.
· Manage Transcode and administer ingest/media automation systems.

QUALIFICATIONS:
Required:
· At least 4 years of On-Air and/or Post Production systems experience.
· Experience using and troubleshooting production/post-production software (Adobe Premiere, After Effects, Chyron-based Graphic Systems, Media Asset Management Systems etc.).
· Proficiency in Microsoft, Linux, and Apple Operating systems.
· Knowledge of Microsoft Active Directory authentication, Group Policy Objects, LDAP, and policy-based security.
· Knowledge of Network infrastructure and operations, including subnet and VLAN implementation, and Cisco switch configuration.
· Knowledge of Quantum Stornext SAN and LTO Archive library systems.
· Comprehension of a Fibre Channel and DLC connected SAN environment, related hardware, and networking protocols.
· Knowledge of VMWare Virtualization.
· Knowledge of EVS and router control systems
· Knowledge of Thinclient concepts.
· Knowledge of NDI tools and IP Video Standards (2110)
· Familiarity with IP addressing, file and directory permissions, and networking concepts and terminologies.
· Excellent documentation, communication, & organization skills. Demonstrated ability in troubleshooting & analysis.
· Building and maintaining asset management and file-delivery workflows with full visibility to team partners and customers
· Strong team player – collaborates well with others to solve problems and actively incorporates input from various sources.
· Demonstrated customer focus – evaluates decisions through the eyes of the operational customer; builds strong relationships and creates processes with customer viewpoint.
· Effectively communicate the status of systems and actions within the production environment, including risk assessment, both verbally and through documentation to internal and external stakeholders
· Change oriented – actively generates process improvements; supports and drives change.
· Ability to work well in a fast-paced live broadcast environment.
· Ability to work nights, weekends, and holidays as required.

The following is the AI’s response: I believe the AI’s writing is a bit “arrogant”, so with some tweaks the letter wouldn’t be bad at all. The AI app gave me a good “shell” to start from.

Dear Hiring Manager, (if you have the person’s name, delete hiring manager, and input the person’s name to personalize the cover letter).

I am writing to apply for the role of Broadcast Automation Systems Engineer at your prestigious Post Production facility in New York. With over 5 years of experience in On-Air and Post Production systems, I believe that I am a perfect fit for the job. I am proficient in Adobe Premiere, Dalet, Microsoft, Linux, and Apple Operating systems, IP networking, and video equipment, including EVS systems. My expertise in troubleshooting and analyzing system issues, combined with a strong customer focus, will enable me to effectively communicate system status and drive process improvements.

As a Broadcast Automation Systems Engineer, I have an extensive knowledge of network configurations, remote encoders, and control platforms. I have provided technical hardware, software, and networking support for several key systems, including Quantum Stornext SAN and LTO Archive library systems, and have demonstrated effective collaboration with the operations and engineering teams to ensure seamless integration of systems with existing production infrastructure.

I am familiar with IP addressing, file, and directory permissions, and networking concepts and terminologies, which I have leveraged to build and maintain asset management and file-delivery workflows that offer full visibility to team partners and customers. I am a strong team player with excellent documentation, communication, and organization skills, and I am confident that I will make significant contributions to your team, helping to coordinate and execute new project initiatives while protecting air and providing standard day-to-day troubleshooting and maintenance functions on your broadcast network systems.

Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to discussing my qualifications, skills, and experience in greater detail.

Sincerely,
[Your Name]

Discover How Generative AI is Transforming the Way We Work From Enterprise, Creative Design to Gaming – Embracing the future

Generative AI refers to a type of artificial intelligence that can generate new content, such as text, images, or audio, using machine learning algorithms. Unlike traditional rule-based systems, generative AI can create new content that is not based on pre-existing templates or data.

Generative AI can be used to create a wide range of content, from product descriptions to news articles to art. However, it cannot fully replace human creativity, as it lacks the ability to understand the nuances of language, culture, and context like humans do. Instead, it can be used as a tool to augment human creativity and help speed up the content creation process.

Several large companies are using generative AI to build meaningful tools. For example, OpenAI has developed GPT-3, a language generation model that can summarize, translate, and generate text. Adobe’s Sensei uses generative AI to enhance creativity in their platform by suggesting images, colors, and layouts that can complement a user’s design. Additionally, the music streaming service Amper Music uses generative AI to create custom original music tracks for users based on their preferences.

For those working throughout the chain of content creation, the rise of generative AI means that there is potential for increased efficiency and productivity. Writers, designers, and marketers can use generative AI tools to help them generate ideas, draft content, and streamline workflows. However, it also means that there may be job displacement as some tasks, such as content creation and curation, become automated. Therefore, it is important to embrace and adapt to these new technologies while also exploring how to harness them ethically and sustainably.

To harness technologies effectively, there are several steps you can take:

1. Stay informed: Keep up-to-date with emerging technologies and trends by reading industry publications, attending conferences and workshops, and networking with other professionals in your field.

1a. 5G Networks: The implementation of 5G networks is a game changer for the broadcasting industry, enabling faster and more reliable connections to support real-time high-quality multimedia services including live streaming, video on demand and remote productions.

1b. Virtual and Augmented Reality: Virtual and Augmented Reality technologies are expanding new ways for broadcasting. Virtual studios and augmented reality graphics can seamlessly integrate live video recordings with digital overlay objects, allowing the industry professionals to offer interactive storytelling.

1c. Artificial Intelligence: AI-enabled services such as voice-controlled interfaces, automatic captioning and machine learning systems are becoming more prevalent in the broadcasting industry. Advanced data analytics can also be used to help create personalized content and engage audiences more effectively.

1d. Cloud-based Workflows: Cloud-based workflows enable media production from anywhere in the world, allowing professionals to collaborate and work on the same project. This opens up new possibilities to reduce costs, streamline workflows and optimize resource utilization to provide high-quality content to the consumers with a shorter turnaround time.

1e. Interactive Live Streaming: Interactive live streaming brings an engaging experience to the audience by involving interactive elements such as live chat, polling, real-time feedback and social media integration during live streaming events.

2f. Generative AI is used in gaming to improve game design, create more realistic gaming experiences, and generate interactive game content. It can be used to create game levels and landscapes, generate non-player character dialogue, and design game assets such as weapons, vehicles, and characters. Generative AI can also be utilized to create unique and personalized game experiences for individual players, such as generating quests or challenges tailored to their playing style. Additionally, it can be used to improve game performance by predicting and adapting to player behavior, such as enemy AI behavior and player preferences.

• Streaming and cloud technology have revolutionized the broadcasting and gaming industries in recent years, offering new opportunities for content delivery and production. Here are some trends and applications for streaming and cloud technology in the broadcast industry:

• Live Streaming Services: Live streaming services offer broadcasters an effective way to reach audiences on multiple devices from anywhere. With cloud-based live streaming services, broadcasters can easily broadcast from remote locations, quickly deploy new channels, and scale services to meet audiences’ requirements.

• Cloud-based Production Workflows: The cloud provides a flexible and agile platform for media production processes, allowing for real-time collaboration, remote editing, and content storage. With the cloud, media professionals can work from anywhere, streamlining post-production workflows and reducing infrastructure costs.

• Content Delivery Networks (CDNs): Content delivery networks enable the distribution of media content over the internet to global audiences. They provide a reliable and scalable platform for video distribution, allowing broadcasters to deliver high-quality video and audio content to viewers.

• Personalization: Personalization is a growing trend in the broadcast industry, with broadcasters using streaming and cloud technology to tailor content to individual preferences. Cloud-based content operations systems use AI and machine learning algorithms to recommend content based on viewers’ watching habits and preferences.

• Multi-Platform Delivery: Streaming and cloud technology has enabled broadcasters to deliver content across multiple platforms simultaneously. With this technology, broadcasters can target audiences on linear TV, video-on-demand, social media platforms, and other digital channels.

There are several publications and resources available for broadcast industry professionals looking to stay up-to-date with emerging technologies including Broadcasting & Cable, TV Technology, Broadcasting World, Advanced Television and IBC365. These sources provides up-to-date news, insights, analysis and reviews of new technology trends and applications within the broadcasting industry.

2. Understand the technology: Dive deep into the technology tools that interest you and learn how they work, what they are capable of doing, and what their limitations are.

Broadcast technology tools are specialized hardware and software solutions used to capture, create, process, distribute, and transmit audio and video content in the broadcast industry. Here are some examples of broadcast technology tools, along with their capabilities and limitations:

2a. Cameras: Cameras capture audio and video content in various formats using lenses and sensors. They have limitations such as limited battery life, poor low-light performance, and limited dynamic range.

2b. Audio consoles: Audio consoles are used for mixing audio content, adjusting audio levels, and adding effects. They have limitations, such as high costs and complex operations.

2c. Video switchers: Video switchers are used to control multiple video sources and switch between them. They have limitations, such as limited inputs and outputs and high costs.

2d. Character generators: Character generators are used to create on-screen text and graphics. They have limitations, such as limited animation capabilities and limited font options.

2e. Video servers: Video servers store and play back video content. They have limitations, such as limited storage capacity and high costs.

2f. Production control systems: Production control systems manage and coordinate multiple technical elements of the production process. They have limitations, such as high costs and complexity.

2g. Audio routers: Audio routers are used to route audio signals to various destinations. They have limitations, such as high costs and limited routing options.

2h. Video routers: Video routers are used to route video signals to various destinations. They have limitations, such as high costs and limited routing options.

2i. Video monitors: Video monitors are used to display video content for monitoring and quality control. They have limitations, such as high costs and limited calibration options.

2j. Audio signal processors: Audio signal processors are used to enhance and manipulate audio signals. They have limitations, such as high costs and complex operation.

2k. Video encoders: Video encoders convert video content into various digital formats for transmission and distribution. They have limitations, such as limited encoding options and sometimes, degraded video quality.

2l. Video decoders: Video decoders decode video content from its digital format for viewing. They have limitations such as compatibility with only certain video codecs/formats.

2m. Satellite feeds: Satellite feeds are used for remote broadcasts, such as news reporting or live events. They have limitations, such as limited availability, limited bandwidth, and high costs.

2n. Teleprompters: Teleprompters display script and other prompts for presenters to read while looking directly into the camera. They have limitations, such as high costs and dependency on electricity.

2o. Video replay systems: Video replay systems are used to replay video content for instant replay, highlight packages, and analysis. They have limitations, such as high costs and limited storage capacity.

2p. Virtual studio technology: Virtual studio technology is used to create virtual sets in real-time broadcast. They have limitations, such as high costs and complex operations.

2q. Video asset management systems: Video asset management systems store and manage video content in various formats. They have limitations, such as limited storage capacity and compatibility with certain video codecs/formats.

2r. Audio processing equipment: Audio processing equipment is used to reduce noise, enhance tonal balance, and improve the sound quality of audio content. They have limitations such as limited amplitude (loudness) and processing capabilities.

2s. Transmitters: Transmitters are used to broadcast radio and TV signals. They have limitations such as limited ranges, vulnerability to weather, and the need for a proper frequency assignment.

2t. Test and measurement equipment: Test and measurement equipment is used to test and measure the quality of audio and video signals. They have limitations such as high costs and complex operations.

Overall, the capabilities and limitations of these broadcast technology tools depend on specific use cases, system interoperability, and advanced usage settings. Despite their limitations, these tools are essential for creating and distributing high-quality audio and video content for broadcast audiences worldwide.

3. Identify opportunities: Assess how these technologies can be used in your work or business to improve processes, increase efficiency, or boost productivity.

Generative AI can be used in your broadcast work or business to:

3a. Generate automated transcripts: AI can transcribe audio and video content automatically, making it easier to produce written content based on your broadcast.

3b. Enhance Production: AI can help reduce downtime and increase efficiency in broadcast production through the automation of routine tasks such as video editing, subtitling, or captioning.

3c. Personalize Content: AI can analyze viewer data to create targeted content resultantly enhancing viewership.

3d. Streamline Scheduling: AI can study patterns in broadcast data to help you schedule your programming and ad spots for optimum results.

3e. Improve News Coverage: AI can detect trending topics and stories mentioned on social media thus allowing for quick updates and analysis of data.

3f. Experiment: Don’t be afraid to experiment and try new things with the technology. Test different approaches, assess results and iterate your approach.

3g. Collaborate: Work with others to share knowledge, exchange ideas, and experiment together. Remember that collaboration often leads to better outcomes than working in silos.

3h. Consider ethical implications: Be responsible and thoughtful about the impact that technology has on society and individuals. Consider ethical implications of using technologies, and champion inclusivity and equity throughout your work.

Overall, harnessing technologies effectively requires a combination of knowledge, experimentation, collaboration, and ethical considerations.

Some gaming publications and their capabilities are:

• IEEE Transactions on Games – A scholarly journal that publishes original research and case studies related to games and game AI. It covers topics such as game theory, AI algorithms for game playing, interactive storytelling, and serious games for education and health.

• Journal of Game AI – An open-access online journal that publishes papers on game AI research, from decision-making algorithms to dialogue and speech generation, procedural content generation and more.

• AI and Games – A website that focuses on using AI in game design, including exploring the latest advances in AI technology, discussing game AI case studies in commercial games, and sharing practical game development examples.

• Game AI Pro – A book series that offers a collection of practical tips and techniques for game AI programming, including topics such as AI decision-making, pathfinding, game physics, and machine learning.

• Game Programming Gems – A book series that covers game programming topics in general, but has a section dedicated to game AI. The section provides practical solutions to common game AI problems that developers may encounter.

• Gamasutra – The Art & Business of Making Games – A website that covers topics related to game development, including design, programming, audio, and AI.

• AI Game Dev – A website that provides resources for game developers looking to implement AI in their games. It offers tutorials, articles, and code examples to help developers learn how to use different AI techniques, such as neural networks, decision trees, and rule-based systems.

• International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Games – A conference that brings together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to discuss advances in game AI, computational intelligence, machine learning, and data mining.

• Foundations of Digital Games (FDG) conference – A conference that covers research and development in game design, game technology, and game AI. It includes sessions on generative storytelling, AI for player experience, and procedural content generation.

• International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games – A conference that covers a range of topics related to digital games, including game AI, game design, and game development. It provides a forum for researchers and practitioners to share their findings and work in these areas.

• IEEE Conference on Games – A conference that focuses on computer games, board games, video games, and their applications. It covers topics such as AI for gaming, mobile games, virtual and augmented reality games, and game analytics.

• Entertainment Computing Journal – A journal that covers a range of topics related to entertainment computing, including game development, game AI, virtual and augmented reality, and interactive storytelling. It provides insights into the latest research and practical applications in these areas.

Generative AI can be used in gaming work or business in several ways to improve processes, increase efficiency, and boost productivity. Here are some examples:

  1. Procedural content generation – Using generative AI techniques like neural networks and genetic algorithms, you can generate game content such as levels, textures, and characters automatically. This saves time and effort required for manual content creation and allows for infinite possibilities in content creation.
  2. Automated Testing – Generative AI can help automate the process of testing games by generating test cases and running them automatically. This saves time and reduces the risk of human error in the testing process.
  3. Intelligent NPCs – Using generative AI, you can create non-playable characters with intelligent behaviors that can adapt and learn based on player interactions. This enhances the player experience and can increase engagement.
  4. Natural Language Processing – Natural language processing techniques can be used to create more immersive dialogue and storytelling experiences in games, allowing players to interact with the game in a more natural and fluid way.
  5. Game Balancing – Generative AI can analyze player interactions with the game and provide real-time feedback to game designers for balancing game mechanics and improving gameplay.

Overall, generative AI techniques can help game developers create games more efficiently, with more creativity, and with enhanced player experiences, ultimately leading to a more productive and profitable business.

Some popular publications for streaming and cloud technology trends in the broadcast industry are Streaming Media, MediaPost, Multichannel News, and TV Technology. These sources provide up-to-date news and in-depth analysis on the latest streaming and cloud technology trends and applications for the broadcast industry.

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Big Name Broadcasters Are Using Cloud-based Video Editing and Publishing Platforms

Wildmoka is a cloud-based video editing and publishing platform that allows broadcasters to easily produce and publish video content across multiple platforms. (This is NOT an advertisement, other service providers are listed below, read-on).

To note a few broadcasters utilizing Wildmoka: NBC Sports & News (OTT), RMC Sport, Concacaf, Sky, TennisTV, MLS, Big East, QatarTV, Discover+, ABS•CBN, BFM.TV, France.TV, and beinSports.

NBC is using Wildmoka to produce short-form video content for social media platforms like Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube, as well as longer-form content for the NBC website.

RMC Sport uses Wildmoka to quickly create highlights by automating the clipping and publishing process.

Concacaf uses Wildmoka to provide match highlights and create promotional content.

Sky uses Wildmoka’s platform for real-time highlight creation and publishing across all platforms.

Tennis TV uses Wildmoka to provide live streaming, highlights, and archive content of tennis matches.

MLS uses Wildmoka to produce highlights and promotional content for their social media channels.

Qatar TV uses Wildmoka for real-time video editing and highlight creation during live events.

Big East Conference uses Wildmoka’s platform to create highlights and digital content from its live sporting events to engage with fans and grow its audience.

Discover+ is using Wildmoka to automate personalized video content for its users.

ABS-CBN uses Wildmoka’s platform to create highlights and produce digital content faster.

BFM.TV and France.TV use Wildmoka to create engaging video content by quickly curating and publishing user-generated content.

BEIN Sports uses Wildmoka for content production, particularly for their coverage of international sports events.

One of the major benefits of using Wildmoka is the speed and efficiency with which it allows Broadcasters to produce and publish their video content. The platform’s cloud-based architecture enables real-time editing, which means that the production team can quickly create and publish videos without the need for extensive post-production work. This is crucial for because it allows them to be more responsive to breaking news stories and to stay relevant in a fast-paced media environment.

Wildmoka also offers advanced analytics tools that allows Broadcasters to track the performance of their digital video content across different platforms. These tools provide insights into audience engagement, reach, and other key metrics that can help optimize video content and maximize its impact.

Overall, use of Wildmoka has helped streamline the video production process and increase the reach and engagement of their video content.

What is the basic workflow?

  1. Ingestion: The first step involves importing video content into Wildmoka’s cloud-based platform from various sources such as live feeds, archives, or social media.
  2. Curation: The content is then curated, and clips are created by either manually selecting the highlights or by setting up automated clipping rules using AI-based algorithms.
  3. Editing: The edited clips can be enhanced or edited further using Wildmoka’s cloud-based video editing tools to add graphics, text overlays, and effects.
  4. Publishing: The final edited clips are then published to various platforms such as social media, websites, or mobile applications, either manually or using automated publishing workflows.

Wildmoka’s platform streamlines the entire video production workflow, making it faster and more efficient for media companies to create, edit, and publish their content to multiple platforms.

Here are 25 other companies similar to Wildmoka, and how they differentiate themselves:

1. Vidyard – Vidyard is a video marketing platform that specializes in personalized video campaigns and analytics.

2. Brightcove – Brightcove is a leading video hosting and streaming platform for enterprise businesses.

3. Wistia – Wistia is a video hosting and analytics platform that specializes in video marketing for SMBs.

4. Animoto – Animoto is a cloud-based video creation platform that offers templates and customizable features for businesses.

5. Magisto – Magisto is a video creation platform that uses artificial intelligence to automatically create video content from user-submitted media.

6. Viddyoze – Viddyoze offers a user-friendly platform for creating and editing professional-quality video content.

7. Kapwing – Kapwing offers online video editing tools and templates for creating social media-friendly content.

8. OpenReel – OpenReel is a remote video capture platform that allows businesses to record and edit high-quality video content from anywhere in the world.

9. Lumen5 – Lumen5 is a video creation platform that uses artificial intelligence to create professional-quality videos from text-based content.

10. InVideo – InVideo offers an easy-to-use interface for creating video content with customizable templates and advanced editing tools.

11. Renderforest – Renderforest is an online video creation platform that offers a variety of templates for creating video intros, animations, presentations, and more.

12. Zoomforth – Zoomforth offers a video and media management platform for businesses that need to securely store and share video content.

13. Soapbox – Soapbox is a video creation platform designed for businesses that need to create and share video content for internal communication and training.

14. Uscreen – Uscreen offers a subscription video-on-demand platform for businesses looking to monetize their video content.

15. Hippo Video – Hippo Video is a video marketing and sales enablement platform that specializes in personalized video campaigns and lead generation.

16. Biteable – Biteable offers an online video creation platform with customizable templates and drag-and-drop editing functions.

17. Visme – Visme offers an all-in-one platform for creating visual content, including video content and animated graphics.

18. Powtoon – Powtoon is a video creation platform that specializes in animation and whiteboard videos for business and education.

19. CloudApp – CloudApp offers a screen recording and video creation platform for businesses looking to create and share instructional video content.

20. Qumu – Qumu is a video management and delivery platform for businesses that need to securely store and distribute video content.

21. Shakr – Shakr offers a platform for creating professional-quality video ads with customizable templates and easy-to-use editing tools.

22. ScreenFlow – ScreenFlow is a screen recording and video editing platform for MacOS users.

23. Vyond – Vyond offers an animation and video creation platform that specializes in creating explainer videos for business and education.

24. Animaker – Animaker is a cloud-based video creation platform that offers customizable templates and drag-and-drop editing functions for animated video content.

25. Wave.video – Wave.video is an all-in-one video marketing platform that offers customizable templates and easy-to-use editing tools for creating social media-friendly video content.

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Tips: Up your game, Angular, MS DevOps, SW Dev w/.NET

Angular, MS Dev Ops, and software development with .NET, you can follow these steps:

1. Understand the technology: The first step is to understand what each of these technologies is and what they are used for. Angular is a popular front-end framework for building web applications, while Microsoft DevOps is a suite of tools and services for continuous integration and deployment (CI/CD) of software. .NET is a widely-used framework for building scalable, reliable, and robust software applications.

2. If you are not sure, try to be more specific and clarify.

3. Identify the key points: Determine the key point(s). This will help you focus your solution and provide a clear, concise response.

4. Provide a relevant information: Once you understand the problem to solve, and its key points, provide a relevant and accurate solution. You may want to draw on your own experience or research to support your findings.

5. Be clear and concise: Make sure your solution presentation is clear and concise, using plain language instead of technical jargon. Avoid going off on tangents or providing irrelevant information.

6. Check for understanding: Once you’ve provided your response, make sure the client asking fit the information understands your response. Encourage them to ask follow-up questions if they need further clarification.

Angular is a front-end web application framework developed by Google. It is designed to make building complex and dynamic web applications easier and more efficient. Here is a brief overview of how Angular works and how to implement it:

1. Component-based architecture: Angular works on a component-based architecture in which each application is divided into small, reusable components. Each component has its own logic, template, and styling and they communicate with each other via input/output.

2. TypeScript: Angular is built on top of TypeScript, which is a superset of JavaScript that adds static types, classes, and interfaces. This makes Angular code more structured and easier to maintain.

3. Reactive programming: Angular uses reactive programming, which is a programming model that enables the creation of asynchronous and event-driven applications. In Angular, reactive programming is achieved through the use of RxJS, which is a library for reactive programming in JavaScript.

4. Dependency injection: Angular provides dependency injection, which is a design pattern that helps manage the dependencies of different components in an application. Dependency injection makes it easier to write modular, testable code.

To implement Angular, follow these steps:

1. Install Node.js: Angular requires Node.js to be installed on your system.

2. Install the Angular CLI: The Angular CLI is a command-line interface for creating, building, and testing Angular applications. You can install it using the following command: `npm install -g @angular/cli`

3. Create a new Angular project: Use the command `ng new <project-name>` to create a new Angular project.

4. Create a new component: Components are the building blocks of an Angular application. You can create a new component using the command `ng generate component <component-name>`.

5. Add routing and navigation: Angular provides a powerful routing and navigation system that allows you to handle navigation between different components. You can add routing and navigation by modifying the `app-routing.module.ts` file.

6. Build and run the application: Use the command `ng serve` to build and run the application on a local development server.

This is just a brief overview of how to implement Angular. To fully master Angular, you should learn about its different features and modules, such as services, directives, pipes, and forms.

Microsoft DevOps is a suite of tools and services for continuous integration and continuous deployment (CI/CD) of software. It includes the following components:

1. Azure DevOps Services: a cloud-based platform for managing the entire DevOps lifecycle.

2. Azure DevOps Server: an on-premises version of Azure DevOps Services.

3. Azure Artifacts: a software package management system.

4. Azure Test Plans: a testing service for web and desktop applications.

5. Azure Boards: a project management service.

CI/CD is a software development methodology that aims to deliver code changes more frequently and reliably. Continuous Integration (CI) is the practice of automating the build and testing of code changes. Continuous Deployment (CD) is the practice of automatically deploying code changes to production.

CI/CD pipelines are used to implement CI/CD. They automate the build, test, and deployment processes to ensure that changes are thoroughly tested and validated before they are released. The pipeline consists of several stages, including build, test, and deployment, with each stage being automated and executed in a predefined order.

To implement CI/CD, you need to:

1. Set up a source code repository, such as Git.

2. Define a pipeline that automates the build, test, and deployment stages.

3. Configure the pipeline to trigger automatically when changes are made to the code repository.

4. Configure the pipeline to deploy changes to a test environment for validation.

5. Configure the pipeline to deploy changes to production once they have been validated.

6. Monitor the pipeline to ensure that it is running smoothly, and troubleshoot any issues that may arise.

Overall, CI/CD helps software teams to build, test, and deploy code changes faster and with greater reliability, while also reducing costs and improving quality.